Tungsten is widely used in modern technology in the state of pure metal and alloy. Among the states of alloy, the alloy steel, cemented carbide based on tungsten carbide, wear-resistant alloy and strong hot alloy are mainly used.
Steel manufacture
Tungsten is mostly used in the production of special steel.
Tungsten carbide
The carbide tungsten has high hardness, wear resistance and infusibility. The alloys contain 85%~95% of tungsten carbide and 5%~14% of cobalt, which acts as the binder metal that gives the alloy the necessary strength. Alloys of tungsten and other refractory metals (such as tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, rhenium) are used in aerospace rocket technology, as well as in other sectors that require high thermal strength for machine parts, engines and some instruments.
Contact material and tungsten heavy alloy
Tungsten-copper alloy (10% - 40% copper) and tungsten-silver alloy manufactured by powder metallurgy have good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and wear resistance of both copper and silver. As a result, it becomes a very effective contact material for working parts such as switch, circuit breaker, spot-welding electrode, etc. A high-gravity alloy of 90%~95% tungsten, 1%~6% nickel, 1%~4% copper, and an alloy of iron-substituted copper used to make gyro rotors, aircraft, control rudder balance hammers, radio-isotopic radio-shield and feed basket, a tungsten crucible for sapphire growth furnace, and a tungsten electrode screen.
Electrical vacuum lighting material
Tungsten is used in tube production, radioelectronics and X-ray technology in the form of tungsten wire, tungsten belt and various forging elements. Tungsten is one of the best materials for incandescent filament and screw wire, it's high working temperature (2200-2500 ℃) can ensure high luminous efficiency, and small evaporation rate guarantee silk long service life. Tungsten wire is used to make direct hot cathode and grid electrode for electron oscillating tube, cathode for high voltage rectifier and heater for peripheral hot cathode in various electronic instruments. Tungsten is used to make the cathode and cathode of X-ray tube and gas discharge tube, as well as the contacts of radio equipment and atomic hydrogen welding gun electrode. Tungsten wire and tungsten rod can be used as high temperature furnace heater (3000 ℃), which working in hydrogen gas, inert gas or vacuum.
Tungsten compound
Sodium tungstate is used in the production of certain types of paints and paints, as well as in the textile industry for the manufacture of refractory and waterproof fabric pieces, which are weighted and mixed with ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate. Tungstic acid is a mordant and dye in textile industry and a catalyst for the production of high octane gasoline in chemical industry. Tungsten disulfide is used as a solid lubricant and catalyst in the manufacture of synthetic gasoline. Tungsten trioxide can be obtained when processing tungsten ore, and tungsten powder can be obtained by reducing tungsten trioxide with hydrogen.
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